Supplement Ingredient Library
The Complete Ingredient Breakdown. Holding supplement companies to a cleaner and higher standard. 301 ingredients so far, every one the newsletter has covered, each a full breakdown: what it does, how it is dosed, interactions, side effects, and what the label will not tell you.
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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z
A
Acai Berry
Acai berry is a nutrient-dense fruit with good antioxidant content, but it is NOT an essential nutrient and does NOT have proven miraculous…
Acerola
Acerola is one of nature's richest sources of vitamin C, containing 50-100 times more than oranges.
Agaricus Blazei
Agaricus blazei Murill is one of the most potent immune-modulating medicinal mushrooms available.
Agrimony
Agrimony is one of Europe's oldest and most respected medicinal herbs, with a remarkable breadth of traditional uses now increasingly…
Ajwain
Ajwain is a good spice with a real digestive tradition and a marketing story that outruns its evidence by a wide margin.
Alfalfa
Alfalfa is the clearest example in this archive of a supplement whose reputation and whose evidence file point in opposite directions.
Allspice
Allspice is one of the best spices in the kitchen and one of the weaker supplements on the shelf.
Aloe Vera
Aloe vera is a plant remedy with modest evidence for topical use on minor burns and wounds, but weak or lacking evidence for most other…
Aluminum
Aluminum is a ubiquitous metal with no biological function and potential toxicity at high exposures .
American Ginseng
American Ginseng is a valuable adaptogenic herb with well-documented benefits for blood sugar control, immune function, and cognitive…
Amla
Amla (Indian gooseberry) is one of the most scientifically validated Ayurvedic superfruits, with particularly strong evidence for…
Amygdalin/Laetrile
Amygdalin is a cyanide prodrug renamed "vitamin B17" to escape drug rules, and the renaming was the most successful part of the product.
Andrographis
Andrographis is a legitimate medicinal herb with actual clinical research supporting its use for upper respiratory tract infections (common…
Angelica Root
Angelica root encompasses two distinct medicinal plants: Angelica archangelica (European angelica), used primarily for digestive health…
Anise
Anise is one of the older documented remedies still in common use, and unusually for a traditional herb, its best clinical result lands in…
Annatto
Annatto is a uniquely versatile ingredient that exists in two very different worlds: as a beloved culinary spice and natural food colorant…
Antimony
Antimony is the rare entry in this archive where the thing everyone worries about is small and well quantified, and the thing nobody…
Arjuna
Arjuna is the most seriously studied cardiac herb in the Ayurvedic pharmacopeia, which is a lower bar than it sounds.
Arnica
Arnica is a medicinal herb with some limited evidence for topical use in osteoarthritis, bruises, and muscle soreness.
Arsenic
Arsenic is a confirmed human carcinogen and toxic element with no beneficial biological function.
Artichoke
Artichoke is a powerful medicinal plant with extensive research supporting its use for digestive health, liver support, cholesterol…
Asafoetida
Asafoetida is a real and unusual ingredient sold in a form that hides what it is.
Ashwagandha
Ashwagandha is a well-researched adaptogenic herb with substantial clinical evidence supporting its use for stress, anxiety, sleep, and…
Asian Ginseng
Asian Ginseng is a powerful adaptogenic herb with thousands of years of traditional use and substantial modern research supporting its…
Astragalus
Astragalus is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb with a long history of use as an immune tonic and adaptogen.
Avens
Avens is a real plant with real chemistry and an evidence file that is close to empty.
B
Bacopa
Bacopa monnieri is a well-researched Ayurvedic herb with substantial evidence for cognitive enhancement, particularly memory improvement…
Baical Skullcap
Baical Skullcap is a powerhouse Traditional Chinese Medicine herb with over 2,000 years of clinical use and a rapidly growing body of…
Bamboo Extract
Bamboo extract is the richest natural plant source of organic silica available, containing up to 70% silica, roughly 10 times the…
Barberry
Barberry is a powerful herbal medicine with significant therapeutic potential, primarily due to its berberine content.
Barium
Barium Sulfate (BaSO₄) : Insoluble, used medically for X-ray imaging (not absorbed by the body)
Barley Grass
Barley grass is a green vegetable dried into a concentrate and then described using the concentration instead of the dose.
Bayberry
Bayberry is a 19th century astringent that acquired a 21st century immune-support label without acquiring a single controlled human trial.
Bee Balm
Bee balm is a real North American medicinal plant with a documented Indigenous record, a nineteenth century pharmaceutical career, a 1916…
Bee Pollen
Bee pollen is one of nature's most nutritionally complex foods, containing over 250 biologically active compounds including all essential…
Bee Propolis
Bee propolis is one of nature's most chemically complex and biologically active substances, offering broad-spectrum antimicrobial…
Bergamot
Bergamot is two products with one name, and the regulatory treatment of each is close to inverted.
Beryllium
Beryllium is element 4, an industrial metal with no nutritional role, placed by IARC in Group 1 as carcinogenic to humans in Volume 100C…
Bilberry
Bilberry is a nutrient-dense berry with exceptionally high anthocyanin content, offering potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits.
Bioflavonoids
Bioflavonoids are a real and interesting chemical class sold under a name that science discarded in 1950.
Birch Bark
Birch is a genus where the drug and the supplement have swapped their expected roles.
Bitter Melon
Bitter melon is one of the most extensively researched botanical agents for blood sugar support and metabolic health, with thousands of…
Bitter Orange
Bitter orange entered the American supplement market as a regulatory answer rather than a scientific one.
Black Cohosh
Black cohosh is a popular herbal remedy primarily used to alleviate menopausal symptoms, especially hot flashes, night sweats, and mood…
Black Cumin
Black Cumin (Nigella sativa) is one of the most extensively researched and historically validated medicinal herbs in the world.
Black Haw
Black haw is a real medicinal bark with a real chemistry, a 148-year published history, and no clinical evidence at all.
Black Walnut Hull
Black walnut hull is a potent traditional herbal remedy with centuries of use for parasitic infections, fungal conditions, and microbial…
Bladderwrack
Bladderwrack is a traditional brown seaweed best known for its iodine content and historical use in thyroid support, digestive health, and…
Blessed Thistle
Blessed thistle is a legitimate bitter herb with a 2,000 year record of use for appetite and digestion.
Bloodroot
Bloodroot is a real plant with real pharmacology and a hundred and seventy years of commercial history built almost entirely on one…
Blue Cohosh
Blue cohosh was official in the United States Pharmacopeia in the nineteenth century.
Blue Vervain
Blue Vervain is a classic Western herbal nervine with a particular gift for the perpetually wound-up, over-thinking, controlling…
Boneset
Boneset is a traditional North American herb with a deep historical reputation for supporting recovery from feverish viral illnesses…
Borage
Borage is Borago officinalis L., an annual in the Boraginaceae family with bristly leaves, cucumber-flavored foliage and blue star-shaped…
Boron
Boron is a trace mineral that, while not officially classified as essential, appears to play important roles in bone health, hormone…
Boswellia
Boswellia is a well-researched herbal anti-inflammatory with a strong safety profile and proven benefits for joint health, particularly…
Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri)
What Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri) actually does for memory and focus, real bacoside dosing, sedative and thyroid drug interactions, side…
Bromine
Bromine is an emerging essential trace element, identified in 2014 as critical for collagen formation in all animals.
Buchu
Buchu is a historically significant South African medicinal herb with a centuries-long track record of traditional use, particularly for…
Bugleweed
Bugleweed is not another herb whose marketing exceeds its pharmacology.
Burdock
Burdock root is a nutrient-rich traditional herb with centuries of use in Asian and European medicine.
Butcher's Broom
Butcher's broom is the rare supplement whose evidence is better than its category and worse than its marketing implies.
Butterbur
Butterbur is an herbal extract with clinically demonstrated benefits for migraine prevention and allergic rhinitis, but significant safety…
Butterfly Pea Flower
Butterfly pea flower is a safe, traditional plant with a remarkable pigment, sold at a wellness premium for a property that is a party…
C
Cadmium
Cadmium is a highly toxic heavy metal with no nutritional value that accumulates in the body over decades, causing kidney damage, bone…
Calamus
The plant is illegal to add to US food, capped in Europe at 115 µg/day of its main constituent, forbidden in Canadian food.
Calcium
Calcium is essential for health, but like most nutrients, it's best obtained primarily through a balanced diet, with supplementation used…
Calendula
Calendula is a versatile, gentle herb with excellent safety profile, primarily used for skin healing and inflammation.
Camu Camu
Camu camu is a remarkable Amazonian superfruit that delivers far more than just vitamin C.
Caraway
If you want the effect the trials found, buy the combination the trials tested.
Cardamom
Green cardamom seed carries 6.6 to 10.6 percent volatile oil by weight, and two compounds, 1,8-cineole and alpha-terpinyl acetate, account…
Carob
Buy plain carob pod powder, raw or lightly roasted, and treat it as a fiber-dense food at 10 to 30 g a day.
Cascara Sagrada
For an adult with occasional constipation who has already tried fiber, fluid, activity and an osmotic agent.
Catnip
Catnip is a gentle, versatile herb with a centuries-long track record of safe use for calming the nervous system, soothing digestive…
Cats Claw
Cat's claw is a traditional Amazonian botanical with promising anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating properties.
Catuaba
If you want to try catuaba, buy only a product that prints Trichilia catigua A.Juss., names the plant part as bark, states the extraction…
Cayenne
For localized nerve or joint pain, use a topical product with a stated capsaicin percentage three to five times daily for two to four weeks.
Celery Seed
Celery seed is an underappreciated medicinal herb with a surprisingly robust evidence base, particularly for cardiovascular health and…
Centaury
Take centaury as tea at 1 to 4 grams in 200 mL, or as tincture at 1.5 to 5 grams of a 1:5 preparation, 15 to 30 minutes before eating, and…
Cesium
Cesium chloride is the rare case where the marketing claim and the documented effect point in opposite directions, and the documented…
Chaga Mushroom
Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) is a remarkable medicinal fungus with one of the highest antioxidant capacities of any natural substance…
Chamomile
Chamomile is one of the safest and most well-tolerated herbs with thousands of years of traditional use.
Chanca Piedra
If you form calcium oxalate stones, have a 24-hour urine showing hypercalciuria or hyperoxaluria.
Chaparral
Chaparral is a fascinating but deeply problematic botanical medicine.
Chaste Tree
Chaste tree (Vitex agnus-castus) is a well-tolerated herbal remedy primarily used for women's reproductive health.
Chia Seed
Chia seeds are one of the most nutritionally dense foods available, providing an exceptional combination of omega-3 fatty acids, fiber…
Chickweed
Chickweed (Stellaria media) is a humble, widely available herb with a long history of traditional medicinal use, particularly for skin…
Chicory Root
If your fiber intake is low and your gut tolerates fermentation, 5 g per day of native chicory inulin is a cheap, well-evidenced prebiotic.
Chloride
Chloride is an essential mineral that most people obtain in adequate or even excessive amounts through dietary salt.
Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll, particularly in its supplement form chlorophyllin, has a long history of use with an excellent safety profile and some…
Choline
Choline is an essential nutrient critical for brain health, liver function, methylation, and cell membrane integrity.
Chromium
Chromium is an essential trace mineral that plays important roles in glucose metabolism, insulin function, and macronutrient metabolism.
Chrysanthemum
Five cultivars of Chrysanthemum × morifolium (Ramat.) Hemsl.
Cinchona
Cinchona bark must contain at least 6.5 percent total alkaloids to meet the European Pharmacopoeia monograph, and only 30 to 60 percent of…
Cinnamon
Cinnamon is a powerful spice with significant health benefits, particularly for blood sugar control, inflammation, and cardiovascular…
Cistanche
Rou cong rong (肉苁蓉), Cistanches Herba, desert ginseng, desert hyacinth, suosuo dayun (the C.
Cistus
Cistus got its European Union herbal monograph on 19 March 2025, for one use only: relief of cough associated with cold.
Cleavers
Cleavers is the premier lymphatic tonic in Western herbalism, traditionally used for centuries to support the body's natural drainage and…
Clove
A kilogram of clove buds must yield at least 150 mL of essential oil to satisfy the European Pharmacopoeia, and roughly four fifths of that…
Cobalt
Cobalt is an essential trace mineral that functions in the human body exclusively as a component of vitamin B12 (cobalamin).
Codonopsis
Codonopsis (Dang Shen) is a gentle, well-established adaptogenic herb from Traditional Chinese Medicine, often called "Poor Man's Ginseng"…
Coleus
Coleus forskohlii is a unique Ayurvedic herb whose active compound, forskolin, has the rare distinction of directly activating adenylate…
Copper
Copper is an essential trace mineral that plays vital roles in energy production, iron metabolism, connective tissue formation, nervous…
Cordyceps
Cordyceps is a powerful adaptogenic mushroom with centuries of traditional use and growing modern scientific support.
Corn Silk
Corn silk is a gentle, well-tolerated herbal remedy with a long traditional history and growing scientific support for its primary uses in…
Cramp Bark
Cramp Bark (Viburnum opulus) is one of the premier antispasmodic herbs in Western herbalism, with a well-deserved reputation for relieving…
Cranberry
Cranberry is a safe, well-tolerated supplement primarily used for preventing recurrent urinary tract infections in women.
Curcumin/Turmeric
Curcumin is a powerful anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compound with extensive research supporting its benefits for arthritis…
D
Damiana
Damiana is a traditional medicinal herb with a long history of use as an aphrodisiac, mood enhancer, and general tonic.
Dandelion
Dandelion is a versatile herb with a long history of traditional use for liver support, digestion, and as a gentle diuretic.
Devil's Claw
Devil's Claw is a well-researched herbal anti-inflammatory particularly effective for osteoarthritis and lower back pain.
Diatomaceous Earth
Diatomaceous earth is a natural, fossilized silica product that has served humanity for over a century in industrial applications, pest…
Dong Quai
Dong Quai is a traditional Chinese herb with a rich history in women's health, particularly for menstrual and menopausal concerns.
Dragon's Blood
Dragon's Blood is a remarkable natural resin with deep traditional roots and growing modern scientific validation.
Dulse
Dulse is a nutrient-dense red seaweed with a rich history as both a traditional coastal food and a modern superfood.
E
Echinacea
Echinacea is a well-researched herbal supplement primarily used for reducing cold symptom severity and duration.
Elder/Elderberry
Elderberry is a well-researched, generally safe herbal supplement with strong evidence for reducing cold and flu duration and severity.
Elecampane
Elecampane is one of Western herbalism's most respected respiratory herbs, with over 2,000 years of documented use across Greek, Roman…
Emu Oil
Emu oil is a traditional Australian remedy with a unique fatty acid profile and a growing body of preliminary research supporting its…
Eucalyptus
Eucalyptus is a powerful natural remedy primarily used for respiratory conditions, with additional benefits for pain relief, inflammation…
Evening Primrose
Evening Primrose Oil is a supplemental source of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), an omega-6 fatty acid with anti-inflammatory properties.
Eyebright
Eyebright is a traditional European herb with centuries of use for eye health and respiratory conditions, but scientific evidence…
F
Fenugreek
Fenugreek is a versatile herb with solid evidence for blood sugar control, lactation support, and potential benefits for testosterone and…
Feverfew
Feverfew is a well-researched herb primarily used for migraine prevention.
Flaxseed
Flaxseed is a nutrient-dense superfood offering omega-3 fatty acids, lignans, and fiber with wide-ranging health benefits including…
Fluoride
Fluoride is a trace mineral that, while not classified as essential, provides significant benefits for dental health by preventing tooth…
Fo-Ti
Fo-Ti is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb with centuries of use for promoting longevity, preventing premature aging, and supporting…
Forskolin
Forskolin is a plant-derived compound with traditional use in Ayurvedic medicine and modern interest in weight management and metabolic…
Frankincense
Frankincense (Boswellia serrata) stands as one of the most well-researched and historically validated natural anti-inflammatory agents…
Fringe Tree
Fringe Tree (Chionanthus virginicus) is a traditional North American herb whose root bark has been used for centuries as a liver and…
G
Gallium
Gallium nitrate holds FDA application NDA 019961, approved January 17, 1991 as a Type 1 new molecular entity on priority review with orphan…
Garlic
Garlic is one of the most well-researched herbal supplements with strong evidence for cardiovascular benefits, immune support, and…
Gentian
Gentian is one of the most respected digestive bitters in Western herbalism, with a tradition stretching back over two thousand years.
Germanium
Germanium is a trace element found naturally in small amounts in food.
Ginger
Ginger is a safe, well researched herbal supplement with strong evidence supporting its use for nausea, pain, inflammation, and digestive…
Ginkgo
Ginkgo biloba is one of the most researched herbal supplements with particular benefits for cognitive function, circulation, and…
Goji Berry
Goji berry is a nutrient-dense superfood with a thousand-year history in Traditional Chinese Medicine and growing modern research support.
Goldenseal
Goldenseal is a powerful herbal antimicrobial traditionally used for infections and digestive issues.
Gotu Kola
Gotu kola is a versatile herb with significant evidence supporting its use for cognitive function, anxiety, wound healing, and circulatory…
Grape Seed Extract
Grape Seed Extract is a powerful antioxidant supplement with well-documented cardiovascular benefits and an excellent safety profile.
Gravel Root
Gravel root is a traditional North American herb, the root and rhizome of Joe-Pye weed.
Green Tea
Green tea is one of the healthiest beverages available, offering powerful antioxidants, metabolic support, and disease prevention benefits.
Grindelia
Grindelia, or gumweed, is a resinous North American herb with a long traditional history as a respiratory remedy.
Guarana
Guarana is a potent natural source of caffeine that provides sustained energy, cognitive enhancement, and potential weight loss support.
Guggul
Guggul is a traditional Ayurvedic herb with a long history of use for cholesterol management, inflammation, joint health, and skin…
Gymnema
Gymnema sylvestre is a traditional herb with modern scientific support for blood sugar management and reducing sugar cravings.
H
Haritaki
Haritaki (Terminalia chebula) stands as one of the most revered herbs in Ayurvedic medicine, often called the "King of Medicines" for its…
Hawthorn
Hawthorn is one of the most well-researched herbal medicines for cardiovascular health, particularly for heart failure and high blood…
He Shou Wu
He Shou Wu is one of the most famous tonic herbs in traditional Chinese medicine, with a thousand-year history of use for hair health…
Hemp Seed/Oil
Hemp seed and hemp seed oil are nutritional powerhouses providing one of nature's most balanced sources of essential fatty acids, complete…
Hesperidin
Hesperidin is the flavonoid that makes orange peel worth harvesting, and one of the few in its class with human trials run on the named…
Hibiscus
Hibiscus is one of the most scientifically validated herbal supplements for cardiovascular health.
Holy Basil
Holy basil (tulsi) is a powerful adaptogenic herb with 3,000+ years of traditional use and growing scientific support.
Hoodia
Hoodia (Hoodia gordonii) is a traditional appetite suppressant from southern Africa with a fascinating history and patented active compound…
Hops
Hops is a versatile botanical with well-documented sedative, anxiolytic, and hormonal properties.
Horehound
Horehound (Marrubium vulgare) is a time-honored herb of the mint family, valued for over two millennia primarily as a respiratory…
Horse Chestnut
Horse chestnut seed extract is a well-researched botanical medicine primarily used for improving leg circulation and treating varicose…
Horsetail
Horsetail is a traditional herbal remedy valued primarily for its high silica content, which supports hair, skin, nails, and bone health.
Huang Qi (Astragalus)
Huang Qi (Astragalus membranaceus) is one of the most revered and extensively studied tonic herbs in Traditional Chinese Medicine, with…
I
Inositol
Inositol is a vitamin-like compound with powerful therapeutic applications, particularly for PCOS, mental health conditions (anxiety, OCD…
Iodine
Iodine is an essential trace mineral that is absolutely critical for human health.
Irish Moss
Irish moss (Chondrus crispus) is a nutrient-dense seaweed with legitimate health benefits, particularly for thyroid support, immune…
Iron
Iron is an essential mineral that is absolutely critical for oxygen transport, energy production, cognitive function, immune health, and…
J
Jatoba
Jatoba is a time-honored Amazonian botanical best known as a natural energizer and a potent antifungal remedy.
Jiaogulan
Jiaogulan is a time-honored adaptogenic herb often called "the herb of immortality," prized for its ability to help the body adapt to…
Juniper
Juniper berry is a traditional herbal remedy with promising antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties demonstrated in…
K
Kava
Kava is a traditional Pacific Island plant medicine with proven anxiolytic (anti-anxiety) effects comparable to some pharmaceutical…
Kelp
Kelp is a potent natural source of iodine and trace minerals, but it's a double-edged sword.
Kudzu
Kudzu root is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant with the most robust evidence supporting its use for reducing alcohol consumption in…
L
Larch Arabinogalactan
Larch arabinogalactan is a gentle, highly soluble prebiotic fiber that stands out for its dual role in supporting both gut health and…
Lavender
Lavender is one of the most well-researched herbal remedies for anxiety, sleep, and stress management.
Lead
Lead is a toxic heavy metal with NO safe level of exposure and NO health benefits.
Lemon Balm
Lemon balm is a gentle, well-tolerated herb with significant benefits for anxiety, stress, sleep, and cognitive function.
Licorice
Licorice root is a powerful herbal medicine with significant benefits for digestive, respiratory, and hormonal health.
Linden / Lime Blossom
Linden / Lime Blossom is a fragrant, time-honored herbal tea cherished for its gentle calming, sleep-supporting, and fever-relieving…
Lion's Mane
Lion's Mane is a well-tolerated medicinal mushroom with significant potential for cognitive enhancement, neuroprotection, and overall brain…
Lithium
Lithium exists in two very different contexts: high-dose pharmaceutical lithium for serious mental health conditions and low-dose…
Lobelia
Lobelia (Lobelia inflata), or Indian Tobacco, is a historically significant herb traditionally used for respiratory conditions like asthma…
Lungwort
Lungwort (Pulmonaria officinalis) is a gentle, traditional respiratory herb best known for soothing irritated throats and easing coughs…
M
Maca
Maca is a nutrient-rich adaptogenic root with centuries of traditional use for energy, fertility, and hormonal balance.
Magnesium
Magnesium is one of the most important minerals for human health, involved in hundreds of biochemical reactions throughout the body.
Maitake Mushroom
Maitake (Grifola frondosa), also known as Hen of the Woods, is one of the most researched and respected medicinal mushrooms.
Manganese
Manganese is an essential trace mineral required for bone formation, antioxidant defense, metabolism, and wound healing.
Mangosteen
Mangosteen is a tropical "superfruit" whose purple rind is rich in xanthones, particularly alpha-mangostin, compounds with genuine…
Marshmallow
Marshmallow root is one of the safest and most effective herbal remedies for soothing irritated mucous membranes throughout the body.
Meadowsweet
Meadowsweet is a gentle, aromatic herb best known as a digestive remedy and as one of the original botanical sources of salicylic acid, the…
Mercury
Mercury is not a supplement, and the only useful thing to do is reduce exposure.
Milk Thistle
Milk thistle is one of the most researched and well-tolerated liver support supplements available.
Molybdenum
Sulfite oxidase - Breaks down sulfites (found in foods and as preservatives) and helps metabolize sulfur-containing amino acids
Moringa
Moringa is one of the most nutrient-dense plants available, earning its "miracle tree" reputation through a remarkable profile of protein…
Motherwort
Motherwort (Leonurus cardiaca) is a traditional heart and nervous system herb with a particular gift for addressing anxiety that shows up…
Mucuna Pruriens
Mucuna pruriens is a unique botanical that owes nearly all of its effects to its naturally high L-DOPA content, making it one of the few…
Muira Puama
Muira Puama is a traditional Amazonian botanical, long called "potency wood," valued primarily as an aphrodisiac and nerve tonic.
Mullein
Mullein is a time-tested respiratory herb with an excellent safety profile when used appropriately.
N
Neem
Neem (Azadirachta indica) is a remarkably versatile medicinal tree with over 2,000 years of traditional use and growing scientific…
Nettle
Nettle is a well-researched, generally safe herbal supplement with strong evidence for allergies, prostate health, and inflammation.
Nickel
Unlike molybdenum, nickel is NOT an essential nutrient that you should supplement or worry about getting enough of.
Noni
Noni is a traditional botanical with a long history of use in Polynesian and Asian medicine.
Nopal
Nopal is a traditional Mexican functional food with strong evidence for blunting post-meal blood sugar spikes and emerging support for…
O
Oat Straw
Oat straw (Avena sativa) is a gentle, well-tolerated herbal nervine and nootropic that supports both cognitive performance and nervous…
Olive Leaf
Olive leaf extract is a well-researched botanical supplement with powerful antioxidant, cardiovascular, antimicrobial, and…
Olive Leaf Extract
Olive leaf extract is a well-researched, Mediterranean-derived supplement whose benefits center on cardiovascular health, immune support…
Oregano Oil
Oregano oil is a potent herbal supplement whose benefits come primarily from carvacrol and thymol, two phenolic compounds with…
Oregon Grape
Oregon grape is a traditional medicinal herb with significant therapeutic potential, primarily due to its berberine content.
Orotic Acid
Orotic acid is a real molecule doing real work, and none of that work depends on you eating any.
Osha Root
Osha root is a time-honored respiratory herb with deep roots in Native American and Latin American healing traditions.
P
PABA
PABA (Para-Aminobenzoic Acid) is a compound once considered a B vitamin but now known to be non-essential for humans.
Panax Ginseng
Panax ginseng is a well-researched adaptogen with multiple evidence-based benefits, particularly for energy, cognitive function, immune…
Pangamic A
Pangamic acid is the rare supplement where the honest description is that the product does not exist.
Papaya Leaf
Papaya leaf is a traditional tropical botanical best known for its scientifically supported ability to raise platelet counts during dengue…
Parsley
Acts as a natural diuretic, increasing urine production and flow
Passionflower
Passionflower is a gentle, effective herbal remedy primarily used for anxiety, stress, and sleep support.
Pau d'Arco
Pau d'Arco is a traditional South American herbal remedy with promising antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immune-supporting properties.
Pau Pereira
Pau Pereira (Geissospermum vellosii) is a bitter Amazonian bark with a rich tradition of folk medicine use and a genuinely interesting…
Pelargonium
Pelargonium (Pelargonium sidoides), best known through the standardized extract EPs 7630 and the traditional name Umckaloabo, is one of the…
Peppermint
Peppermint is one of the most versatile, well-researched, and accessible herbal remedies available.
Phosphorus
Phosphorus is an essential mineral involved in virtually every metabolic process in the body, from energy production to bone formation to…
Picrorhiza
Picrorhiza (Kutki) is one of the most respected liver-protective herbs in Ayurvedic and traditional medicine, with a documented history…
Pine Bark Extract
Pine bark extract, particularly in its Pycnogenol form, is one of the most well-researched botanical supplements available, with over four…
Pine Pollen
Pine pollen is a remarkably nutrient-dense natural supplement that stands out for being one of the very few plant sources containing…
Plantain
Plantain is one of the most accessible, versatile, and well-tolerated medicinal herbs in the world.
Pomegranate
What pomegranate extract actually does for blood pressure and inflammation, evidence-backed dosing, drug interactions (ACE inhibitors…
Potassium
Potassium is one of the most important minerals for human health, critical for heart function, blood pressure regulation, muscle and nerve…
Psyllium
Psyllium is one of the most versatile, well-researched, and effective fiber supplements available.
Pumpkin Seed
Pumpkin seed is a nutrient-dense food and supplement with its strongest clinical support in men's prostate health and urinary/bladder…
Pygeum
Pygeum is a well-established botanical extract from the bark of the African cherry tree, used primarily to relieve the urinary symptoms of…
R
Raspberry Leaf (Red)
Red raspberry leaf is one of the most enduring herbs in traditional women's health, valued for centuries as a uterine tonic and nourishing…
Red Clover
Red clover is one of the most widely studied herbal phytoestrogen supplements, primarily used for menopause symptom management.
Rehmannia
Rehmannia is one of the most important herbs in Traditional Chinese Medicine, valued for over 2,000 years as a foundational kidney and…
Reishi
Reishi is a well-researched medicinal mushroom with immune-modulating, anti-inflammatory, and adaptogenic properties.
Rhodiola Rosea
Rhodiola rosea is one of the most well-researched adaptogenic herbs available, with its strongest evidence supporting its use for…
Rooibos
Rooibos is a caffeine-free South African herbal tea with a uniquely valuable antioxidant profile, headlined by the rare compounds…
Rose Hip
Rose hip is a well-researched, food-derived supplement with its strongest evidence supporting pain and stiffness relief in osteoarthritis.
Rosemary
Rosemary is a remarkably versatile herb with a history spanning thousands of years and a growing body of scientific evidence supporting its…
Royal Jelly
Royal jelly is a unique bee-derived superfood with a fascinating biological story: it is the exclusive food that transforms an ordinary…
Rubidium
Rubidium is an ultra-trace element present in the human body and diet, but it is NOT recognized as an essential nutrient.
Rutin
Rutin occupies an unusual position: an ingredient with a serious clinical literature that mostly belongs to a different molecule.
S
Saffron
Saffron is one of the most clinically validated natural supplements for mood support.
Sage
Sage is one of the most scientifically validated herbal nootropics available, with particularly strong evidence for cognitive enhancement…
San-Qi Ginseng
San-Qi (Panax notoginseng) is a powerful Traditional Chinese Medicine herb with unique dual properties: stopping bleeding while…
Sarsaparilla
Sarsaparilla is a traditional herbal root from the Smilax genus with a rich history of use for skin health, joint comfort, liver support…
Saw Palmetto
Saw palmetto is one of the most popular herbal supplements for prostate health and hair loss worldwide, with a long history of traditional…
Schisandra
Schisandra is one of the most versatile and historically revered adaptogens available, offering broad-spectrum support for stress…
Sea Buckthorn
Sea buckthorn is one of the most nutrient-dense berries available, packing a rare omega-7 fatty acid, a full carotenoid spectrum, high…
Selenium
Selenium is an essential mineral with powerful antioxidant and metabolic functions, particularly important for thyroid health, immune…
Shatavari
Shatavari is one of Ayurveda's most revered tonics, best known as a female reproductive and hormonal support herb but valued more broadly…
Shepherd's Purse
Shepherd's purse is a humble weed with a long and specific reputation: it is one of the oldest herbs used to slow bleeding, particularly…
Shiitake
Shiitake mushrooms offer significant immune-supporting, cardiovascular, and antioxidant benefits backed by centuries of traditional use and…
Siberian Ginseng
Siberian Ginseng (Eleuthero) is a powerful adaptogenic herb that helps the body manage stress, enhances physical and mental performance…
Silicon
Silicon is a trace element with important structural roles in bone, connective tissue, skin, and arterial walls.
Skullcap
Skullcap is one of North America's classic nervine herbs, valued for gently easing anxiety, calming nervous tension, and supporting…
Slippery Elm
Slippery elm is one of the most gentle, well-tolerated, and time-tested digestive herbs available.
Sodium
Sodium is an essential mineral that plays vital roles in nerve function, muscle contraction, fluid balance, and numerous other…
Solomon's Seal
Solomon's seal is a specialized musculoskeletal herb with a long traditional reputation for supporting tendons, ligaments, and joints…
Soy Isoflavones
Soy isoflavones are among the most studied plant phytoestrogens, best known for easing menopausal symptoms and supporting bone health.
Spirulina
Spirulina is one of the most nutrient-dense and well-researched supplements available, providing an exceptional concentration of complete…
St. John's Wort
Clinically demonstrated effectiveness for mild to moderate depression, comparable to standard prescription antidepressants in multiple…
Stinging Nettle Root
Stinging nettle root is a specialized men's health herb, distinct from nettle leaf, valued for supporting the urinary symptoms of benign…
Stone Root
Stone root is a classic Eclectic venous tonic, valued traditionally for hemorrhoids, varicose veins, a sense of pelvic congestion, and…
Strontium
Strontium is a trace mineral that supports bone health by stimulating bone formation and reducing bone breakdown.
Sulfur
Sulfur is an essential mineral element that plays critical roles in protein structure, antioxidant defense (glutathione), detoxification…
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Tea Tree Oil
Tea tree oil is one of the most versatile and well-studied essential oils available, with genuine antimicrobial, antifungal, and…
Teasel Root
Teasel root is a traditional joint, tendon, and connective tissue herb, known in Chinese medicine as Xu Duan and in Western folk herbalism…
Thallium
Thallium is element 81, has no function in human biology, and is dangerous specifically because your cells actively pump it in believing it…
Thyme
Thyme is one of the most clinically validated herbal remedies for respiratory health, with particularly strong evidence for treating acute…
Tin
Tin is a trace element found in food and the environment, but it is NOT an essential nutrient for humans .
Titanium
Titanium is element 22, it has no nutritional role, and no legitimate supplement sells it.
Tribulus
Tribulus terrestris is one of the most popular and widely used herbal supplements for sexual health and vitality, with a history spanning…
Triphala
Triphala is one of Ayurveda's most cherished formulas, a balanced blend of three fruits used for over two thousand years as a gentle daily…
Turkey Tail
Turkey tail (Trametes versicolor, formerly Coriolus versicolor) is a shelf fungus that grows in overlapping fans on dead hardwood across…
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Valerian
Valerian root is one of the most time-tested herbal remedies for sleep and relaxation, with a medicinal history spanning over 2,000 years.
Vanadium
Vanadium is a trace element with interesting insulin-mimetic properties that has attracted research interest for diabetes treatment.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is essential for vision, immune function, and cellular health.
Vitamin B1
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) is essential for energy metabolism, nervous system function, and cardiovascular health.
Vitamin B12
Metabolizes certain amino acids (methionine, valine, isoleucine)
Vitamin B2
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) is essential for energy production, antioxidant defense, and proper metabolism of other nutrients.
Vitamin B3
Vitamin B3 exists in multiple forms with dramatically different effects.
Vitamin B5
Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid) is essential for energy production through its role in Coenzyme A synthesis, which is involved in over 100…
Vitamin B6
Vitamin B6 is one of the most versatile and important B vitamins, involved in over 100 enzymatic reactions including neurotransmitter…
Vitamin B7
Vitamin B7 (Biotin) is essential for energy metabolism, serving as a cofactor for five critical carboxylase enzymes.
Vitamin B9
Vitamin B9 (Folate/Folic Acid) is essential for DNA synthesis, cell division, and methylation reactions.
Vitamin C
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) is a water-soluble vitamin and one of the most well-known and widely supplemented nutrients.
Vitamin D
Vitamin D is crucial for bone health, immune function, and overall wellness.
Vitamin E
Vitamin E is a crucial fat-soluble antioxidant that protects cell membranes and supports cardiovascular, neurological, and immune health.
Vitamin K
Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting (K1) and directing calcium to bones while keeping it out of arteries (K2).
Vitamin U
S-methylmethionine is a real plant compound with a real biological job, sold under a name invented for a disease that medicine now cures…
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Watercress
Watercress is one of the few supplements where the honest recommendation is to skip the supplement.
White Willow Bark
White Willow Bark is a historically significant herbal remedy that bridges ancient traditional medicine and modern pharmacology.
Wild Yam
Wild yam is a traditional North American herbal medicine with a genuine and well-regarded history as an antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory…
Witch Hazel
Witch hazel is one of the most versatile and time-tested topical herbal remedies available, with its strongest applications in hemorrhoid…
Wood Betony
Wood betony was one of the most respected herbs in European medicine for well over a thousand years and is now a quiet specialist, used…
Wormwood
Wormwood is a serious herb, and that is meant as both a compliment and a warning.
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Yarrow
Yarrow is one of humanity's oldest medicinal plants, with a therapeutic range that spans wound healing, digestive support, menstrual cramp…
Yellow Dock
Yellow Dock is a gentle but effective herb with a well-earned reputation in Western herbal medicine for supporting iron levels, promoting…
Yellow Root
Yellow root is a genuine piece of American herbal history, a bright yellow Appalachian shrub used continuously for generations as a bitter…
Yerba Mate
Yerba mate is a centuries-old South American beverage that offers a unique combination of balanced stimulation, powerful antioxidant…
Yohimbe
Yohimbe is one of the most potent and one of the most dangerous herbal supplements on the market.
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